מעודכן ל: 17.7.2025
תקנות שעת חרום
מצבי חירום
סמכויות חירום
Emergency legislation
Temporary legislation
Emergency law
Disaster law
States of emergency
Times of crisis
Emergency power
Emergency management law
Crisis
חוק יסוד: הממשלה.
חוק לתיקון ולקיום תוקפן של תקנות שעת חירום (נגיף הקורונה החדש - אכיפה), תש"ף-2020, ס"ח 2805.
על חשיבות ההכרזה הספציפית על מצב חירום: הסדר החירום הקבוע בחוק-יסוד: הממשלה בראי משבר הקורונה
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במהלך משבר הקורונה נעשה שימוש נרחב בסמכות הקיצונית הניתנת לממשלה במצב חירום להתקין תקנות שעת חירום (תקש"ח) הגוברות על חקיקה של הכנסת. שימוש זה לא נסמך על הכרזה ספציפית של הכנסת על מצב חירום, הנוגעת למשבר הקורונה, אלא על ההכרזה הביטחונית הכללית הנמצאת בתוקף מאז קום המדינה. הוא עורר שאלות יסודיות: באילו נסיבות ראוי לנקוט את הצעד הקיצוני של העברת סמכות החקיקה לידי הממשלה? מהו תפקיד הכנסת בפיקוח על מהלך כזה? האם ראוי להסתמך על ההכרזה הביטחונית המתמדת על מצב חירום כבסיס לטיפול במשבר אזרחי חדש שאינו קשור כלל לנסיבות שהובילו אליה?
הממשלה - הרשות המבצעת: פירוש לחוק יסוד: הממשלה
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פרו של פרופסור שמעון שטרית הממשלה: הרשות המבצעת המתפרסם במסגרת סדרת הפירוש לחוקי היסוד בעריכת פרופ' יצחק זמיר, הוא ספר מקיף, יסודי, מאיר עיניים וחדשני. הספר כולל דיון בכל ההיבטים המורכבים והמסועפים של פעולת הממשלה, על כל זרועותיה, מן הבחינה המשפטית. הספר יכול לשמש לעזר לכל משפטן, עורך דין או חוקר שייזקק לפתרון של סוגיה משפטית הנוגעת לרשות המבצעת. הספר מציג תפיסת עולם סדורה בנוגע לתפקידיה של הרשות המבצעת וליחסים בינה ובין הרשויות האחרות: הכנסת ובתי המשפט. הספר כולל ניתוח מפורט ומעמיק של סעיפי החקיקה. בנוסף הספר מציג היבטים תיאורטיים והשוואתיים מקיפים, וכולל מבוא חשוב הדן בערכי היסוד של משטר דמוקרטי ובעקרונות היסוד של עבודת הממשל.
תקנות ההגנה (שעת חירום) 1945
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האם תקנות ההגנה המנדטוריות (תקנות שעת חירום), המהוות חלק מספר החוקים של מדינת ישראל למן היווסדה, הן נדבך ראוי במערכת החוקים של דמוקרטיה מתוקנת במאה ה-21?
קבלת החלטות במצב חירום אפידמיולוגי נגיף הקורונה - התמודדות עם המשבר העולמי
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משילות בשעת משבר מתמשך : מודל לאומי להערכת מדיניות במצבי חירום
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מטרתו של נייר זה היא להציע מודל כוללני ואחיד המאפשר הערכת מדיניות ציבורית אפקטיבית לניהול משבר הקורונה בשעת אמת. עיקרו הוא קריאה ליישומה המיידי של הערכת מדיניות בזמן אמת, כזו המתקיימת לאחר רצף החלטות, במהלכו של ניהול המשבר וכחלק מתהליך מדיניות סדור וארוך טווח - כל זאת מתוך ראייה עכשווית ומפוכחת, אך גם צופה פני עתיד, משום שהחלטות המדיניות והפעולות שיושמו עד כה כנגזרת מתוכן לא פתרו את המשבר ולא נתנו מענה מספק להשלכותיו המיידיות והעתידיות.
רון צור הוא מנכ"ל קבוצת הייעוץ Sparks ויו"ר הוועדה המייעצת של הפורום הישראלי למנהיגות. שימש ראש מטה יישום הרפורמה בשירות המדינה וקודם לכן סמנכ"ל בכיר בוועדה לאנרגיה אטומית. תחומי המומחיות שלו הם אסטרטגיה, כלכלה ומדיניות ציבורית.
פרופ' ניסים כהן הוא ראש המחלקה למינהל ומדיניות ציבורית וראש המרכז לניהול ומדיניות ציבורית באוניברסיטת חיפה. תחומי המחקר שלו הם רפורמות במינהל הציבורי, יזמות במינהל הציבורי, יחסי פוליטיקאים-בירוקרטים, תקצוב ציבורי ובירוקרטיה ברמת הרחוב.
Between the Rule of Law and States of Emergency: The Fluid Jurisprudence of the Israeli Regime
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Honorable Mention, 2017 Yonathan Shapiro Award for Best Book in Israel Studies presented by the Association for Israel Studies Contemporary debates on states of emergency have focused on whether law can regulate emergency powers, if at all. These studies base their analyses on the premise that law and emergency are at odds with each other. In Between the Rule of Law and States of Emergency, Yoav Mehozay offers a fundamentally different approach, demonstrating that law and emergency are mutually reinforcing paradigms that compensate for each other's shortcomings. Through a careful dissection of Israel's emergency apparatus, Mehozay illustrates that the reach of Israel's emergency regime goes beyond defending the state and its people against acts of terror. In fact, that apparatus has had a far greater impact on Israel's governing system, and society as a whole, than has traditionally been understood. Mehozay pushes us to think about emergency powers beyond the "war on terror" and consider the role of emergency with regard to realms such as political economy.
Democracy, Law and National Security in Israel
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This work deals with the different ways in which the law and national security considerations intersect with democracy in the state of Israel. Particular factors covered include emergency arrangements, civil and political rights, secret agencies and the matter of the occupied territories.
Emergency State : How We Lost Our Freedoms in the Pandemic and Why it Matters
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On 26 March 2020, a new law appeared. In 11 pages, it locked down tens of millions of people, confined us to our homes, banned socialising, closed shops, gyms, pubs, places of worship. It restricted our freedoms more than any other law in history, justified by the rapid spread of a deadly new virus. You might have expected such a law to be fiercely debated in Parliament. But it wasn't debated at all. A state of emergency was declared, meaning the law came into force the moment it was signed. The state of emergency lasted for 764 days, whilst ministers brought in over 100 new restrictions, almost never debated, increasingly confusing the public, and some - we would find out - stained with corruption. Meanwhile, behind the doors of Downing Street officials and even the Prime Minister broke the very laws they had created. This book will tell the startling story of the state of emergency which became an emergency state, how extreme measures caused constitutional chaos, and why it is only by understanding these unprecedented events that we can learn lessons for the future.
Coronavirus and the Law in Europe
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On 30 January 2020, in response to the globalisation of COVID-19, the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The deadly outbreak has caused unprecedented disruption to travel and trade and is raising pressing legal questions across all disciplines, which this book attempts to address.The aims of this book are twofold. First, it is intended to serve as a toolbox for domestic and European judges. They will soon be dealing with the interpretation of COVID-19-related legislation and administrative measures, as well as the disruption the pandemic has caused to society and fundamental rights.Second, it aims to assist businesses and citizens who wish to be informed about the implications of the virus in the existence, performance and enforcement of their contracts.Coronavirus and the Law in Europe is probably the largest academic publication on the impact of pandemic on the law. This academic endeavour is a joint, collaborative effort to structure the recent and ongoing legal developments into a coherent and pan-European overview on coronavirus and the law. It covers practically all European countries and legal disciplines and comprises contributions from more than 80 highly reputed European academics and practitioners.
EU Management of Global Emergencies: Legal Framework for Combating Threats and Crises
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EU Management of Global Emergencies: Legal Framework for Combating Threats and Crises provides a thorough analysis of the role played by the European Union (EU) in combating some of the global emergencies that currently affect, or are likely to affect, our planet. In particular, the potential of a "regional" model for coping with such emergencies is examined, taking into account the perceived inefficacy of traditional prevention and reaction mechanisms provided both by individual States and international organisations. The expression "global emergencies" refers to all situations, irrespective of the subject matter involved, which are characterised by an unexpected state of crisis which affects one or more regions of the world and call for an urgent and coordinated response from competent bodies and institutions. Furthermore, the book tests the role of the EU in managing global emergencies with respect to four broad areas: the economic and financial crises, the protection of the environment, terrorism and humanitarian aid, while maintaining focus on the legal framework within which the EU deals with such global emergencies in the light of the innovations brought about by the Lisbon Treaty. With contributions by leading experts in each of the identified set of challenges, EU Management of Global Emergencies: Legal Framework for Combating Threats and Crises aims at increasing the understanding of: (a) the contribution of regional organizations such as the EU to the management of global emergencies; (b) the effectiveness of the EU external action and the actual involvement of the EU in global cooperation processes against global emergencies; (c) global standards of human rights protection in relation to measures adopted in crises; and (d) the coordination mechanisms between the EU and other international organisations with a global or regional membership, in the management of global emergencies.
EU Regulatory Responses to Crises: Adaptation or Transformation?
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The past years have seen numerous crises from the 2007-2008 financial crisis to the migration crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. These crises have significantly impacted EU policy in numerous areas including the Economic and Monetary Union, financial regulation and supervision, health policy, state aid control, energy policy, migration policy, and foreign and defence policy. As a result of these crises, EU rule-making has developed in various ways. Some developments have had an institutional dimension in that they concerned the actors involved in rule-making, as exemplified in the introduction of instruction rights of EU bodies vis-à-vis national authorities or the introduction of reverse (qualified) majority voting in the Council. But they also concerned the shape or nature of rules, where we have seen the increasing use of Regulations (as opposed to Directives) and of soft law instead of legally binding rules. The substance of existing rules was also reconsidered, resulting, for instance, in the deviation in practice from the Dublin system as regards the distribution of refugees, in the EU indebting itself on a considerable scale in the wake of the pandemic, and in the boosting of foreign and defence policies as a result of the war in Ukraine. EU Regulatory Responses to Crises examines and compares these developments from a legal and a political science perspective. It analyses the measures taken, successful or not, to save banks, to ensure a fair distribution of migrants across EU Member States, or to support the acquisition of vaccines, for example. This book draws a comprehensive picture of the EU's regulatory toolkit in times of crisis, and its enrichment and refinement in reaction to new challenges.
Emergency Powers in a Time of Pandemic
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How do we maintain core values and rights when governments impose restrictive measures on our lives? Declaring a state of emergency is the best way to protect public health in a pandemic but how do these powers differ from those for national security and economic crises? This book explores how human rights, democracy and the rule of law can be protected during a pandemic and how emergency powers can best be ended once it wanes. Written by an expert on constitutional law and human rights, this accessible book will shape how governments, opposition, courts and society as a whole view future pandemic emergency powers.
Permanent States of Emergency and the Rule of Law: Constitutions in an Age of Crisis
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Permanent States of Emergency and the Rule of Law explores the impact that oxymoronic 'permanent' states of emergency have on the validity and effectiveness of constitutional norms and, ultimately, constituent power. It challenges the idea that many constitutional orders are facing permanent states of emergency due to the 'objective nature' of threats facing modern states today, arguing instead that the nature of a threat depends upon the subjective assessment of the decision-maker. In light of this, it further argues that robust judicial scrutiny and review of these decisions is required to ensure that the temporariness of the emergency is a legal question and that the validity of constitutional norms is not undermined by their perpetual suspension. It does this by way of a narrower conception of the rule of law than standard accounts in favour of judicial review of emergency powers in the literature, which tend to be based on the normative value of human rights. In so doing it seeks to refute the fundamental constitutional challenge posed by Carl Schmitt: that all state power cannot be constrained by law.
The Constitution of Law: Legality in a Time of Emergency
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Dyzenhaus deals with the urgent question of how governments should respond to emergencies and terrorism by exploring the idea that there is an unwritten constitution of law, exemplified in the common law constitution of Commonwealth countries. He looks mainly to cases decided in the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada to demonstrate that even in the absence of an entrenched bill of rights, the law provides a moral resource that can inform a rule-of-law project capable of responding to situations which place legal and political order under great stress. Those cases are discussed against a backdrop of recent writing and judicial decisions in the United States of America in order to show that the issues are not confined to the Commonwealth. The author argues that the rule-of-law project is one in which judges play an important role, but which also requires the participation of the legislature and the executive.
Disaster Law: Implications to Governance and Implementation
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This book covers the broad aspects of disaster legislation, governance, and their implementation. The book also includes in-depth reviews and new data, based on case studies across the globe, involving multidisciplinary research. In addition, the book suggests specific policies and action measures to enhance the implementation of disaster legislation for the resilience of people and local governments. Disaster law is the core to disaster risk management. The legal framework not only provides the government an instrument to take actions before, during, and after a disaster, but it also helps in recovery process. The legislative measures provide certain levels of guidance to different stakeholders such as national governments, local governments, civil societies, and more importantly citizens. The legal provision gives people and communities certain obligations as well as responsibilities to act during or before disasters. Over the last several years, there has been new disaster laws formulated in many countries, and revisions have been made to adjust the existing disaster laws to be more effective. Although it is important to have governance provision of disaster law, its implementation is essential.
Law in Times of Crisis
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The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the ensuing 'war on terror' have focused attention on issues that have previously lurked in a dark corner at the edge of the legal universe. This book presents a systematic and comprehensive attempt by legal scholars to conceptualize the theory of emergency powers, combining post-September 11 developments with more general theoretical, historical and comparative perspectives. The authors examine the interface between law and violent crises through history and across jurisdictions, bringing together insights gleaned from the Roman republic and Jewish law through to the initial responses to the July 2005 attacks in London. Three models of emergency powers are used to offer a conceptualization of emergency regimes, giving a coherent insight into law's interface with and regulation of crisis and a distinctive means to evaluate the legal options open to states for dealing with crises.
לפניות והערות כתבו ל:irinabo@savion.huji.ac.il
מעודכן ל: 17.7.2025
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