מעודכן ל: 11.09.2023
גירושין
נישואין
ידועים בציבור
זוגות לא נישואים
הסכמי נישואי חוזה
הסכמי ממון
הסכמי חתונה
פוליגמיה
divorce
marriage
antenuptial agreement
premarital agreement
prenuptial agreement
post-nuptial agreement
common law marriage
unmarried couples
cohabitants
polygamy
alimony / palimony
child support
חוק בתי דין רבניים (קיום פסקי דין של גירושין), תשנ"ה-1995, ס"ח 1507.
תקנות בתי דין רבניים (קיום פסקי דין של גירושין), תשנ"ט-1999, ק"ת 5953.
חוק שיפוט בתי דין רבניים (נישואין וגירושין), תשי"ג-1953, ס"ח 134.
James C MacDonald & Lee K Ferrier, Canadian Divorce Law & Practice, Westlaw CANDLP (database updated to Release 2022-09).
הכתובה בבית הדין הרבני by
ה"כתובה" מהווה את אחד הנושאים העולים לא אחת בסכסוכי משפחה. בפרט במסגרת סכסוכים המתבררים בבתי-הדין הרבניים הנותנים משקל כבד ורציני לכתובה ככל שהם נדרשים לכפות צד לשלם את סכום הכתובה כולה או חלק ממנה.
רוב הזוגות המצויים בהליך גירושין משתדלים לפתור את נושא הכתובה במסגרת הסכם גירושין כולל, כאשר אחד הסעיפים שבו, מסדיר את נושא הכתובה. זו ההתנהלות המועדפת מבחינת הצדדים, ואף מהבחינה ההלכתית סדר הדברים הרצוי הוא, שנושא הכתובה אם לפירעון או למחילה יוסדר קודם הגט.
ואולם במקרים לא מעטים נושא הכתובה הופך לנושא מרכזי בסכסוכים אלה והעניין מתברר במסגרת בתי-הדין הרבניים.
בשל כך, חשיבותו של חיבור זה המרכז את הלכות בתי-הדין הרבניים העוסקות בכתובה בעיני בית-הדין הרבני. הספר כולל התייחסות לפסיקותיהם של בית-הדין הרבני הגדול ובית-הדין האזורי.
Cohabitation and Religious Marriage: Status, Similarities and Solutions by
Cohabiting couples and those entering religious-only marriages all too often end up with inadequate legal protection when the relationship ends. Yet, despite this shared experience, the linkages and overlaps between these two groups have largely been ignored in the legal literature. Based on wide-ranging empirical studies, this timely book brings together scholars working in both areas to explore the complexities of the law, the different ways in which individuals experience and navigate the existing legal framework and the potential solutions for reform. Illuminating pressing implications for social policy, this is an invaluable resource for policy makers, practitioners, researchers and students of family law.
Decoupling: Gender Injustice in China's Divorce Courts by
Michelson's analysis of almost 150,000 divorce trials reveals routine and egregious violations of China's own laws upholding the freedom of divorce, gender equality, and the protection of women's physical security. Using 'big data' computational techniques to scrutinize cases covering 2009-2016 from all 252 basic-level courts in two Chinese provinces, Henan and Zhejiang, Michelson reveals that women have borne the brunt of a dramatic intensification since the mid-2000s of a decades-long practice of denying divorce requests. This book takes the reader upstream to the institutional sources of China's clampdown on divorce and downstream to its devastating and highly gendered human toll, showing how judges in an overburdened court system clear their oppressive dockets at the expense of women's lawful rights and interests. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in Chinese courts, judicial decision-making, family law, gender violence, and the limits and possibilities of the globalization of law.This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Divorce in China :Institutional Constraints and Gendered Outcomes by
Why are women still at a disadvantage in Chinese divorce courts?Despite the increase of gender consciousness in Chinese society and a trove of legislation to protect women, why are Chinese women still disadvantaged in divorce courts? Xin He argues that institutional constraints to which judges are subject, a factor largely ignored by existing literature, play a crucial role. Twisting the divorce law practices are the bureaucratic incentives of courts and their political concerns for social stability. Because of these concerns, judges often choose the most efficient, and safest, way to handle issues in divorce cases. In so doing, they allow the forces of inequality in social, economic, cultural, and political areas to infiltrate their decisions. Divorce requests are delayed; domestic violence is trivialized; and women's child custody is sacrificed. The institutional failure to enforce the laws has become a major obstacle to gender justice.Divorce in China is the only study of Chinese divorce cases based on fieldwork and interviews conducted inside Chinese courtrooms over the course of a decade. With an unusual vantage point, Xin He offers a rare and unfiltered view of the operation of Chinese courts in the authoritarian regime. Through a socio-legal perspective highlighting the richness, sophistication, and cutting-edge nature of the research, Divorce in China is as much an account of Chinese courts in action as a social ethnography of China in the midst of momentous social change.
Divorce in Europe : New Insights in Trends, Causes and Consequences of Relation Break-ups by
This open access book collects the major discussions in divorce research in Europe. It starts with an understanding of divorce trends. Why was divorce increasing so rapidly throughout the US and Europe and do we see signs of a turn? Do cohabitation breakups influence divorce trends or is there a renewed stability on the partner market? In terms of divorce risks, the book contains new insights on Eastern European countries. These post socialist countries have evolved dramatically since the fall of the Wall and at present they show the highest divorce figures in Europe. Also the influence of gender, and more specifically women’s education as a risk in divorce is examined cross nationally. The book also provides explanations for the negative gradient in female education effects on divorce. It devotes three separate parts to new insights in the post-divorce effects of the life course event by among others looking at consequences for adults and children but also taking the larger family network into account. As such the book is of interest to demographers, sociologists, psychologists, family therapists, NGOs, and politicians.
Fifty Years of the Divorce Reform Act 1969 by
The enactment of the Divorce Reform Act 1969 was a landmark moment in family law. Coming into force in 1971, it had a significant impact on legal practice and was followed by a dramatic increase in divorce rates, reflecting changes in social attitudes.
This new interdisciplinary collection explores the background to the 1969 Act and its influence on law and society. Bringing together scholars from law, sociology, history, demography, and film and literature, it reflects on the changes to divorce law and practice over the past 50 years, and the changing impact of divorce on different people in society, particularly women.
As such, it offers a 'biography' of this important piece of legislation, moving from its conception and birth, through its reception and development, to its imminent demise. Looking to the future, and to the new law introduced by the Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020, this collection suggests ways for evaluating what makes a 'good' divorce law.
Marriage and Divorce in the Jewish State by
Israel currently has two recognized systems of law operating side by side: civil and religious. Israeli religious courts possess the exclusive right to conduct and terminate marriages. There is no civil marriage or divorce in Israel, irrespective of one's religious inclinations. All Muslims must marry and divorce in accordance with shariya laws, all Catholics in accordance with canon law, and all Jews in accordance with Torah law (halakha). The interpretation and implementation of Torah law is in the hands of the Orthodox religious establishment, the only stream of Judaism that enjoys legal recognition in Israel. The rabbinic courts strenuously oppose any changes to this so-called status quo arrangement between religious and secular authorities. In fact, religious courts in Israel are currently pressing for expanded jurisdiction beyond personal status, stressing their importance to Israel's growing religious community. This book shows how religious courts, based on centuries-old patriarchal law, undermine the full civil and human rights of Jewish women in Israel. Making a broad argument for civil marriage and divorce in Israel, the authors also emphasize that religious marriages and divorces, when they do occur, must benefit from legislation that makes divorce easier to obtain. Making this issue their focal point, they speak to a larger question: Is Israel a democracy or a theocracy?
Religion and Marriage Law: The Need for Reform by
Marriage law in England and Wales is a historical relic which reflects a bygone age. Successive governments have made a series of progressive but ad hoc reforms, most notably the introduction of civil partnerships and same-sex marriage. However, this has resulted in a legal framework which is complex and controversial, especially in relation to religion. This book provides the first accessible guide to how contemporary marriage law interacts with religion and identifies pressure points in relation to non-religious organisations and unregistered religious marriages. It reveals the need for the consolidation, modernisation and reform of marriage law and sets out proposals for how the transformation of these laws can be achieved.
ידועים בציבור - הלכה ומעשה by
כדי שאישה תיחשב על פי הפסיקה כידועה בציבור של מאן דהוא או להיפך, על בני הזוג לקיים חיי משפחה המבוססים על חיבה ואינטימיות.
הידועים בציבור בראי התיאוריה האזרחית של דיני המשפחה by
במשפט הישראלי "ידועים-בציבור" הוא כינוי כולל לבני זוג שהיחסים ביניהם דומים ליחסים שבין בני זוג נשואים, אך הם אינם נחשבים לנשואים מן הבחינה המשפטית. בספר זה בוחן ד"ר שחר ליפשיץ את דיני הידועים-בציבור מנקודת מבט אזרחית כוללת שאיננה ממוקדת דווקא בייחודיות הדין בישראל, ומבהיר כי ניתן להציג עמדה ביקורתית על המגמות הקיימות בישראל לא רק מנקודת מבט דתית, שמרנית ומוסרנית אלא גם מנקודות מבט חוזית, ציבורית, פלורליסטית ומגדרית, הגם שאלה נחשבות לנקודות מבט אזרחיות מערביות בעלות גוון ליברלי. כמו כן ד"ר ליפשיץ חושף תחומים שונים שבהם טבועה במוסד הידועים-בציבור מגבלה בסיסית המכבידה מאוד על תפקודו. במובן זה הוא מחדד את הצורך בכינון נישואים אזרחיים בישראל ושולל טענה הנשמעת מפעם לפעם, שההכרה הנרחבת בזכויות ידועים-בציבור מייתרת את הצורך להיאבק על כינונם של נישואים אזרחיים. יתרה מזו, חסרונותיו של מוסד הידועים-בציבור מבהירים את הצורך לעצב תחליפי נישואים שישמשו חלופה הולמת למוסד הידועים-בציבור. מכאן נובעת ההמלצה לכונן בישראל מרשם זוגיות ולהסדיר את דיניו כך שיהפוך את הרישום בו לתחליף נישואים טוב יותר מן התחליפים האזרחיים הקיימים.
ד"ר שחר ליפשיץ הוא מרצה בכיר בפקולטה למשפטים באוניברסיטת בר-אילן. הוא חוקר ומלמד דיני חוזים ודיני משפחה ופרסם מאמרים רבים בנושאים אלה. לצד עבודתו המחקרית, פועל ד"ר ליפשיץ גם בזירה הציבורית והוא חבר בכמה ועדות העוסקות בהיבטים שונים של דיני המשפחה. הוא נמנה עם יוזמי הרעיון של מרשם הזוגיות ושותף בהכנת הצעת חוק ברית הזוגיות.
Common Law Marriage: A Legal Institution for Cohabitation by
One of family law's greatest challenges within the 21st Century is facing the decreased rate of marriages and the increased number of unmarried co-habiting couples. All over the world, lawmakers and courts have met this challenge with different legal solutions. Currently, eleven Americanjurisdictions recognize the doctrine of common law marriage, but for other jurisdictions have abolished the doctrine within the last fifteen years. Common Law Marriage presents a thorough legal history of common law marriage, from its origins to current law and possible future developments in law.Dr. Goran Lind researches current law by analyzing American cases, discussing the legal requirements for the establishment of a common law marriage, as to capacity, contract, implied agreement, cohabitation, holding out, and burdens of proof.As Lind points out, due to the choice of law principles, courts all over the United States must decide on common law marriages on a case-by-case basis. As long as couples move from one state to another, individual state courts in the United States must apply the doctrine of common law marriage anddecide if such a marriage has been established when a couple has lived in, or visited, a common law marriage state. Common Law Marriage provides an avid look at the level of expertise regarding the doctrine of common law marriage and expresses the evident need for guidance concerning it.
More Than Marriage: Forming Families After Marriage Equality by
Introduces an expansive vision of the family and a brilliant legal arrangement that will protect the lives of millions of adults. Today, about half of all adults are unmarried. Many of those are in significant relationships--some intimate, others based in friendship, finances, or family ties--but the law offers them few protections. Amid the growing recognition that modern families take all shapes, More Than Marriage presents a refreshing vision for the future. With this book, noted family-law expert John G. Culhane takes us on a guided tour of how the march toward marriage equality spun off a number of other legal statuses, and explores how the law has expanded and where it falls short. This lively living history is grounded in relatable, in-depth interviews that give voice to the millions of Americans building family structures outside the protections of marriage--whether by choice, necessity, or exclusion. Culhane proposes an updated legal status that offers flexible and portable benefits for a diverse range of commitments and needs. As More Than Marriage shows, this "choose your own adventure" structure more accurately reflects, and more equitably protects, the many kinds of families we choose to build.
בתוך החוק, מחוץ לצדק : פוליגמיה, אזרחות ממוגדרת וקולוניאליזם במשפט הישראלי by
ראויה אבורביעה בספרה המדהים בתוך החוק, מחוץ לצדק קושרת כדרכו של הפמיניזם בין האישי והפוליטי ומצליחה, דרך חקר תופעת הפוליגמיה בחברה הפלסטינית הבדואית בנגב, להסביר את מורכבות חייהן של הנשים הלכודות בין הפטריארכיה ובין הקולוניאליזם. אבורביעה מצליחה לקלף ולנתח את שכבות שיח זכויות הנשים הלבן והמתנשא כלפי הנשים הבדואיות, שיח המשרת את מדיניות הנישול והגזענות השלטת במדינה. הספר מעורר השראה וכבוד על עבודה אקדמאית עשירה, המגיעה מהיכרות עמוקה את השטח והנעשית תוך שמירה על ראייה ביקורתית מפוכחת שלא נלכדת בקלישאות. הספר הינו תרומה עצומה למאבק של הנשים הפלסטיניות בישראל, מאבק המאגד את הפמיניסטי, הלאומי והמעמדי עם המשפטי בהבנת תופעת הפוליגמיה. - חה"כ עאידה תומא-סלימאן, יו"ר הוועדה לקידום מעמד האישה, ממייסדות ועד הפעולה לשוויון בדיני אישות. בתוך החוק, מחוץ לצדק הוא הישג מחקרי ואינטלקטואלי מרשים ומבריק של ראויה אבורביעה העוסק במה שהיא מכנה "פרדוקס הפוליגמיה". למרות החוק הישראלי שרואה בפוליגמיה עבירה פלילית, בפועל כעשרים אחוזים מן הגברים הבדואיים נשואים ליותר מאשר אישה אחת. אבורביעה מלמדת אותנו כי האכיפה הסלקטיבית היא למעשה אסטרטגיה מדינית כפולת נמענים: קרימינליזציה ואוריינטליזציה של החברה הבדואית, והכפפתן של הנשים הבדואיות תחת דיכוי - הן של הפטריארכיה והן של המשפט הקולוניאלי הישראלי. זהו ספר חובה בצומת שבין מגדר, אתניות, מיניות וקולוניאליזם בישראל ומחוצה לה.
Polygamy: A Very Short Introduction by
Marriage has not always meant just one man and one woman. For much of human history, over much of the globe, the most common alternative was polygamy: marriage involving more than one spouse. Polygamy, or plural marriage, has long been an accepted form of union in human societies, involvingpeople living on every continent. However, polygamy has come to symbolize a problematic, even "barbaric," form of marriage that is often labeled as "backwards," less modern and progressive, embodying the oppression of women by men.In Polygamy: A Very Short Introduction, Sarah M. S. Pearsall explores what plural marriages reveal about the inner workings of marriage and describes the controversies surrounding it. The book emphasizes the diversity of historical polygamist societies, from the Shi'ite Muslims and Wendat men whopracticed short-term marriages to the Mixteca, Maori, Inca, Algonquin, and Marta indigenous people of North America and the Pacific Islands, as well as medieval Irish kings, rulers of the Kingdom of Buganda in east Africa, and residents of the Ottoman Empire. Pearsall also explains the Old Testamentorigins of polygamy in the book of Genesis, making note of vocal Protestant defenders of the practice such as Martin Luther and John Milton, and the divides within Christianity that led to Joseph Smith's establishment of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormonism) and the Mormons'fight throughout the 19th-century under his successor Brigham Young's leadership to freely practice plural marriage.Polygamy: A Very Short Introduction looks at how polygamous domestic and sexual relationships have influenced larger dynamics of power, gender, rank, race, and religion in societies all over the world, while also attempting to untangle the paradox of female constraint and liberty for women whoadvocated for polygamy, arguing that plural marriage offered security and stability rather than restraint for women. In balancing an explanation of the many complexities and misunderstandings of plural marriage, the book reveals how polygamy continues to have an influence on society today.
Sister Wives, Surrogates and Sex Workers by
Did she choose that?' Or, more normatively, 'Why would she choose that?' This book critiques and offers an alternative to these questions, which have traditionally framed law and policy discussions circulating around controversial genderized practices. It examines the simplicity and incompleteness of choice-based rhetoric and of presumptions that women's conduct is shaped, in an absolute way, either by choice or by coercion. This book develops an analytical framework that aims to discern the meaning and value that women may ascribe to morally ambiguous practices. An analysis of law's approach to polygamy, surrogacy and sex work, particularly in Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia, provides a basis for evaluating the choice-coercion binary and for contemplating alternate modes for assessing, from a law and policy standpoint, the palatability of social practices that appear pernicious to women. Weaving together interdisciplinary research, an innovative analytical framework for assessing choices ostensibly harmful to women, and a critique of the legal rules governing such choices, this book bears relevance for students, scholars, practicing jurists and policymakers seeking a richer understanding of conduct that moves women to the margins of law and society.
The Western Case for Monogamy over Polygamy by
For more than 2,500 years, the Western tradition has embraced monogamous marriage as an essential institution for the flourishing of men and women, parents and children, society and the state. At the same time, polygamy has been considered a serious crime that harms wives and children, correlates with sundry other crimes and abuses, and threatens good citizenship and political stability. The West has thus long punished all manner of plural marriages and denounced the polygamous teachings of selected Jews, Muslims, Anabaptists, Mormons, and others. John Witte, Jr carefully documents the Western case for monogamy over polygamy from antiquity until today. He analyzes the historical claims that polygamy is biblical, natural, and useful alongside modern claims that anti-polygamy laws violate personal and religious freedom. While giving the pro and con arguments a full hearing, Witte concludes that the Western historical case against polygamy remains compelling and urges Western nations to hold the line on monogamy.
Louis I. Parley & Alexander Lindey, Lindey and Parley on Separation Agreements and Antenuptial Contracts (MB), LEXIS (database updated Sept. 2022).
Prenuptial Agreements and the Presumption of Free Choice Issues of Power in Theory and Practice by
This book provides an alternative perspective on an issue fraught with difficulty & the enforcement of prenuptial agreements. Such agreements are enforced because the law acknowledges the rights of spousk692.ces and civil partners to make autonomous decisions about the division of their property on divorce. Yet this book demonstrates that, in the attempt to promote autonomy, other issues such as imbalance of power between the parties become obscured. This book offers an academic and practical analysis of the real impact of prenuptial agreements on the relationships of those involved. Using a feminist and contractual theoretical framework, it attempts to produce a more nuanced understanding of the autonomy exercised by parties entering into prenuptial agreements. This book also draws on an empirical study of the experiences and views of practitioners skilled in the formation and litigation of prenuptial agreements in New York. Finally, it explores how the court might address concerns with power and autonomy during the drafting and enforcement processes of prenuptial agreements, which in turn may enhance the role that prenups can play in the judicial allocation of spousal property on the breakdown of marriage
Marital Property Agreements: a Consultation Paper by
This consultation asks the public's views on a range of potential options for reforming the law of pre-nuptial, post-nuptial and separation agreements - contracts made by couples before or during their marriage or civil partnership that are intended to govern their financial arrangements if the relationship ends. Such agreements have attracted considerable attention in recent months after the judgment of the Supreme Court in Radmacher v Granatino, which went further than ever before in recognising their significance. But the Supreme Court's decision was made in the context of the existing legislation. As it stands, The law does not allow a couple to prevent each other from asking the courts to decide how their property should be shared. And it is still down To The courts to decide on a case-by-case basis how much weight to give to any agreement the couple may have made. In many cases this can offer important protection but it can also lead to uncertainty and expensive litigation and there have been calls for statutory reform. The Law Commission is now asking whether the current legislation - which is a generation old - provides the right basis for determining the effect of marital property agreements, or whether a new approach is needed. Could reform bring more autonomy and certainty to couples who want to enter into such agreements, while retaining sufficient safeguards to protect vulnerable spouses and children?
The Prenuptial Agreement : Halakhic and Pastoral Considerations by
A Jewish prenuptial agreement, formulated by Rabbi Mordechai Willig, and sponsored by The Orthodox Caucus, has been created in an effort to help resolve the problem of the agunah--the woman who has not been issued a get (a bill of divorce) from her husband and thus remains unable to marry someone else. This volume explores this fascinating subject more closely through commentary by several prominent rabbis. When signed by husband and wife, this agreement binds both parties to accept rabbinic arbitration of marital disputes when the husband and wife are not living together, and an additional document details the husband's obligation of support in the event that the couple are living apart from one another. This prenuptial agreement is endorsed by the Rabbinical Council of America.
נורית יכימוביץ כהן ריבוי נישואין (פוליגמיה): אכיפה ודיווח (הכנסת, מרכז מחקר ומידע 2022).
מעודכן ל: 11.09.2023
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